Does 18k Gold Tarnish
Tarnishing is one of the biggest problems connected with low purity gold alloys. But how does it effect higher purity forms of gold such as 18k? Does 18k gold tarnish as well? In this article we’ll answer all of these questions related to 18k gold and list down the exact steps you need to take in order to avoid tarnishing or other damages which may take place.
What is 18k Gold
18k or 18 karat gold is a popular form of gold alloy used in jewelry making. To understand 18k gold, it is essential to grasp the concept of gold purity. Pure gold (100% gold), is measured 24 karats (24k). As it is too soft and malleable in its purest form, it can’t be used for jewelry making. Or it will lead to numerous scratches and damages.
To enhance its strength and durability, pure gold is mixed with other metals, creating an alloy. These metals can be platinum, copper or nickel depending on the required characteristics of the alloy to be made. That’s why gold has types like yellow gold, white gold and rose gold etc.
Composition of 18k Gold
18k gold consists of 75% pure gold and 25% other metals, which are added to increase its durability, strength, and sometimes to change its color. The term “18k” refers to the 18 parts of pure gold out of a total of 24 parts.
The specific combination of metals in the alloy can influence both the color and the properties of 18k gold. For example, more copper can give 18K gold a warmer, reddish hue (as in rose gold), while metals like palladium or platinum can create white gold.
How 18k Gold is Different from other Gold Alloys
As we know now that 24k or pure gold is a soft metal itself. It can’t be used in jewelry making or in processes involving molding, bending etc. as it can’t retain its shape. That’s why we have so many purity levels of gold so every one can enjoy gold jewelry as per their own needs. Popular gold purity levels used in jewelry making are:
- 20 karat
- 18 karat
- 14 karat
- 10 karat
The bigger karat a gold jewelry will be in, the more purer and tarnishing proof it will be. On the other hand, it will also be more prone to scratches as well.
Gold jewelries made in lower karat are less purer and are best for those looking for affordable options.
Does 18k Gold Tarnish
Gold itself is a noble metal, meaning it does not corrode or tarnish. However, the alloys mixed with gold can tarnish. So, while 18k gold is highly resistant to tarnishing, it is not entirely immune due to the presence of other metals. The 25% alloy in 18k gold can tarnish over time, depending on the metals used.
For example, copper is more prone to tarnishing than silver. If your 18K gold contains copper as part of the alloy, it is more likely to develop tarnish compared to gold alloys with more tarnish-resistant metals like silver or platinum.
It must be noted here that any type of gold made in 18k purity level will not tarnish easily. It will take at least 2 to 3 years of regular usage before it can develop any noticeable tarnishing. However, regular cleaning of the jewelry will be required.
Factors Causing Tarnishing in 18K Gold
Several environmental and external factors can influence whether or how quickly 18k gold tarnishes. These include:
1. Exposure to Moisture and Humidity
Humidity, especially saltwater, can affect the alloy metals in 18K gold, leading to tarnish.
2. Chemicals and Cleaning Products
Chlorine, bleach, perfumes, and other chemicals can react with the alloys in 18K gold, accelerating tarnish.
3. Sweat and Skin Oils
Human skin naturally secretes oils and sweat, which can interact with the alloys in 18K gold and lead to tarnishing over time.
4. Air Pollution
High sulfur or oxygen levels in polluted air can cause tarnish on gold that contains reactive metals like copper or zinc.
5. Storage Conditions
Poor storage, such as leaving gold in a humid or exposed environment, can lead to tarnishing.
How to Prevent 18K Gold from Tarnishing
To maintain the beauty of your 18k gold jewelry, taking preventive measures is essential. While 18K gold is more resistant to tarnish than lower-karat gold, it’s still important to follow best practices to ensure it stays in top condition.
1. Store Gold Properly
Always store your 18k gold jewelry in a dry, cool place. Use soft pouches or jewelry boxes lined with fabric to minimize exposure to air and moisture.
2. Avoid Chemicals
Remove your jewelry before using harsh cleaning products or swimming in chlorinated pools. Perfumes and lotions should also be applied before putting on your jewelry.
3. Clean Regularly
Use a soft cloth to wipe down your 18K gold jewelry after each wear. This helps remove any skin oils, sweat, or dirt that could lead to tarnish.
4. Polishing
Consider professional polishing if you notice any dullness or tarnish starting to form. This can restore your jewelry to its original shine.
5. Coating for Protection
Some people choose to coat their 18K gold jewelry with protective substances, such as rhodium plating, to increase resistance to tarnishing.
How to Remove Tarnish from 18K Gold
If your 18K gold jewelry starts to tarnish, don’t worry — it can be cleaned and restored to its original luster. Here are some methods for removing tarnish:
1. Warm Water and Soap
The easiest way to clean 18K gold is with warm water and mild soap. Soak the jewelry for a few minutes, then use a soft-bristle toothbrush to scrub gently. Rinse with clean water and pat dry with a soft cloth.
2. Baking Soda and Vinegar
A natural method involves creating a paste with baking soda and water or soaking the jewelry in a solution of baking soda and vinegar. This method is effective for removing tarnish but should be used cautiously.
3. Professional Cleaning
For heavily tarnished jewelry, professional cleaning services can restore 18K gold to its pristine condition using ultrasonic cleaners or steam cleaning.
4. Jewelry Polishing Cloths
Specially designed polishing cloths for gold can be used for light tarnish and to restore shine.
FAQs about 18k Gold Tarnishing
Here are some common FAQ’s about 18k gold tarnishing.
1. Does 18k gold tarnish over time?
Yes, 18K gold can tarnish, but it is highly resistant to tarnishing compared to lower-karat gold due to its high gold content (75%). The tarnish occurs because of the alloy metals, like silver or copper, mixed with the gold, which may react with air, moisture, or chemicals.
2. Why does 18k gold tarnish if gold itself doesn’t?
Pure gold (24K gold) does not tarnish because it is a noble metal, resistant to corrosion and oxidation. However, 18K gold is mixed with other metals like copper, silver, or nickel to increase its strength. These metals can react with air, moisture, or chemicals, leading to tarnish.
3. How can I prevent my 18k gold from tarnishing?
To prevent tarnishing, avoid exposing your 18k gold jewelry to harsh chemicals like chlorine, bleach, and cleaning products. Store your gold in a dry, cool place, and regularly clean it with a soft cloth to remove dirt, oils, and sweat. Additionally, avoid wearing it in humid environments or while swimming.
4. How do I clean tarnished 18k gold?
You can clean tarnished 18K gold using mild dish soap and warm water. Soak the jewelry for 10-15 minutes and gently scrub with a soft-bristled brush. You can also use a baking soda and water paste or a commercial jewelry cleaner. For more severe tarnish, a professional cleaning service is recommended.
Should You Use 18K Gold
18K gold is one of the premium gold alloys you can use. Normally it is used when budget is not an issue. When you are one of those, then 18k is an excellent choice. Otherwise you can go for 18k gold plating which will cost much less. Apart from this, you should always be aware of the pros and cons associated with 18k gold.
Conclusion
While 18k gold can tarnish due to the alloy metals it contains, it remains one of the most tarnish-resistant options available for fine jewelry. Proper care, regular cleaning, and avoiding exposure to harsh chemicals and humid environments can prevent tarnish and keep your 18k gold jewelry looking stunning for years to come.