Does 18k Gold Vermeil Tarnish
Gold vermeil jewelry is highly regarded for its beautiful appearance, affordability, and resemblance to solid gold. Among the various types of gold vermeil, 18k gold vermeil stands out due to its rich hue and durability. However, a question often asked by those considering this type of jewelry is: “Does 18k gold vermeil tarnish?” Understanding whether 18k gold vermeil can tarnish and how to maintain it can help in making an informed purchasing decision and ensuring the longevity of your jewelry.
This comprehensive guide will cover everything you need to know about 18k gold vermeil, from its composition and properties to its potential for tarnishing and tips for care.
What is 18k Gold Vermeil?
18k gold vermeil (pronounced “ver-MAY”) is a type of gold-plated jewelry where a thick layer of gold is electroplated onto a base of sterling silver. This is different from regular gold-plated jewelry, which often uses cheaper base metals like brass or copper and a thinner layer of gold.
The 18k in 18k gold vermeil indicates that the gold used for plating is 18-karat gold, which is 75% pure gold and 25% copper by weight. It is one of the highest purity form of gold vermeil used in jewelry. Apart from this, gold vermeil is also made in 10k and 14k purities.
The base metal in 18k gold vermeil is typically sterling silver, a cheaper part, which contains 92.5% pure silver.
What is Tarnishing and Why It Happens?
Tarnish is a form of corrosion that occurs when metals like silver or copper react with sulfur compounds in the air or on the skin, forming a darkened, dull surface. While gold itself is a non-reactive metal and does not tarnish, the underlying metals, such as sterling silver or copper, can tarnish if exposed.
Tarnish forms when the metal reacts with sulfur, oxygen, or moisture in the air. This reaction causes a thin, dark layer of oxidation on the metal’s surface. Tarnish can dull the appearance of jewelry, making it look old and worn. For gold vermeil, tarnishing can occur if the gold layer is worn away, exposing the sterling silver underneath to these elements.
Does 18k Gold Vermeil Tarnish?
Yes, 18k gold vermeil can tarnish, but it’s essential to understand the specifics as it contains two completely different metals with different properties.
Gold Layer: The 18k gold layer on vermeil jewelry does not tarnish because it is made up of greater percentage of gold. And as gold is a noble metal, it is resistant to corrosion and tarnishing.
Sterling Silver Base: The sterling silver base, however, can tarnish if it becomes exposed. If the gold layer wears thin over time, the underlying silver can react with sulfur or moisture, leading to tarnish.
As long as the outer gold layer of the gold vermeil is kept intact, it will not expose the layer below and the metal will not tarnish.
Factors Affecting Tarnishing in 18k Gold Vermeil
Certain factors contribute to faster rate of tarnishing in 18k gold vermeil. Most important of those are mentioned.
1. Quality of the Base Metal
The sterling silver base in gold vermeil is prone to tarnishing when exposed to sulfur-containing substances like perfumes, lotions, sweat, or humidity. High-quality sterling silver (92.5% pure silver) is less prone to rapid tarnishing compared to lower-quality alloys.
2. Thickness of the Gold Layer
The thickness of the gold plating directly affects the likelihood of tarnishing. A thicker layer (at least 2.5 microns) provides better protection for the sterling silver underneath, delaying the onset of tarnishing. Thinner layers of gold may wear off more quickly, exposing the silver base to elements that cause tarnish.
3. Environmental Factors
Environmental factors like humidity, atmospheric chemicals and air can highly contribute to tarnishing. For example, high humidity or frequent exposure to water can speed up tarnishing. Moisture reacts with sulfur compounds in the air, leading to a chemical reaction that causes tarnish. Apart from this, oxygen in the air can react with the sterling silver base if the gold layer is compromised, causing tarnishing over time.
Chemicals in perfumes, lotions, hair sprays, or cleaning products can also accelerate tarnishing. These chemicals sometimes contain chlorine, which can be harsh on both the gold plating and sterling silver making up the gold vermeil, leading to rapid degradation.
4. Frequency of Wear and Storage Conditions
Frequent wear can expose the jewelry to sweat, oils, and environmental pollutants, all of which can contribute to tarnishing if the gold layer wears down. Proper storage, such as in airtight containers or anti-tarnish pouches, can slow down the tarnishing process by reducing exposure to air and moisture.
Is 18k Gold Vermeil a Good Choice?
18k gold vermeil offers several advantages over other types of jewelry. It provides a cost-effective alternative to solid gold jewelry while maintaining a luxurious appearance.
The thick layer of gold over sterling silver ensures the jewelry is more durable and resistant to wear compared to standard gold-plated pieces. Sterling silver is generally considered hypoallergenic, making 18k gold vermeil a safer option for those with sensitive skin or allergies to base metals like nickel. The 18k gold layer gives the jewelry a rich, warm color that closely resembles that of solid gold.
How to Prevent Tarnishing in 18k Gold Vermeil Jewelry
Preventing tarnish in 18k gold vermeil jewelry can be taken by using prescribed steps. One wanting to save their gold vermeil jewelry must act on these following points.
1. Avoid Exposure to Moisture and Chemicals
Remove jewelry before swimming, showering, or engaging in activities that cause excessive sweating. Chlorine in swimming pools can particularly damage the gold plating and accelerate tarnishing of the silver base. Avoid applying perfumes, lotions, or hairspray directly onto the jewelry, as these products contain chemicals that can damage both the gold and silver.
2. Proper Storage
Store your 18k gold vermeil jewelry in a cool, dry place. Avoid direct sunlight, which can cause discoloration or damage over time. Use anti-tarnish pouches or cloths when storing your jewelry to prevent exposure to air and moisture. Airtight containers are also effective for this purpose.
3. Regular Cleaning
Clean your 18k gold vermeil jewelry regularly to remove any oils, sweat, or dirt that may accumulate. Use a soft cloth to gently wipe the surface. For deeper cleaning, use a mild soap solution and warm water. Avoid abrasive cleaners, brushes, or polishing cloths designed for harsher metals, as they can wear down the gold layer.
How to Clean Tarnished 18k Gold Vermeil Jewelry
If your 18k gold vermeil jewelry has started to tarnish, follow these steps to clean it safely:
- Mix a small amount of mild dish soap with warm water in a bowl. Avoid harsh detergents, ammonia, or chemical-based cleaners that can strip the gold plating.
- Place the tarnished jewelry in the solution and let it soak for about 5 to 10 minutes. This will help to loosen any built-up dirt, oils, or tarnish on the surface.
- Use a soft cloth or a toothbrush with very soft bristles to gently scrub the jewelry, focusing on areas with visible tarnish. Be gentle to avoid scratching or wearing down the gold layer.
- Rinse the jewelry thoroughly under lukewarm water to remove any soap residue. It’s important to ensure all soap is rinsed away, as residue can dull the appearance of the jewelry.
- Pat dry with a soft, lint-free cloth. Make sure the jewelry is completely dry before storing it to prevent any moisture-related tarnish.
- Use a gold polishing cloth to give the jewelry a final polish. This can help restore some of its original shine and remove any remaining tarnish without damaging the gold layer.
Conclusion
In conclusion, 18k gold vermeil can tarnish over time, particularly if the gold layer wears down and the sterling silver base is exposed to air, moisture, and chemicals. However, with proper care and maintenance, the risk of tarnishing can be minimized, ensuring that your 18k gold vermeil jewelry retains its beauty and shine for years to come. Regular cleaning, careful storage, and avoiding exposure to harsh conditions are key to preventing tarnish and maintaining the luxurious appearance of your jewelry.